The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.